fs: restore fs patchability in ESM loader

[joyeecheung]

Temporarily restore fs patchability in ESM loader as a workaround for helping downstream projects that depend on this undocumented hidden contract transition into using hook proper APIs. This patch intentionally avoids adding a test and instead adds warning comments to hopefully steer new code away from depending on it.

Refs: #62012

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/loaders

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.63%. Comparing base (dfe438d) to head (79a7b4c).
⚠️ Report is 58 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #62835      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   89.81%   89.63%   -0.19%     
==========================================
  Files         699      706       +7     
  Lines      216379   219148    +2769     
  Branches    41366    41981     +615     
==========================================
+ Hits       194340   196424    +2084     
- Misses      14139    14617     +478     
- Partials     7900     8107     +207     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/modules/esm/load.js	91.62% <100.00%> (+0.15%)	⬆️
lib/internal/modules/esm/resolve.js	99.04% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js	97.68% <100.00%> (+0.01%)	⬆️

... and 77 files with indirect coverage changes

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